乳状液膜提取青霉素及其溶胀的研究

采用W／O型乳状液膜提取模拟发酵液中的青霉素，考察膜相添加剂、表面活性剂、载体、解析剂Na2CO3浓度、搅拌速度对青霉素传质和液膜溶胀的影响。以span80为表面活性剂、三辛胺为流动载体、液体石蜡为膜相添加剂、煤油为膜溶剂组成的乳状液膜体系。结果表明：青霉素提取率随表面活性剂和载体浓度的增加而明显增加。但表面活性剂浓度增加使液膜易产生再乳化，而再乳化和搅拌是夹带溶胀产生的主要原因；水的渗透(渗透溶胀)随载体和内相NaCO3浓度升高而增加。液膜溶胀是影响液膜技术工业化应用的关键因素之一。适宜的液膜配方和操作条件，有利于控制液膜溶胀，增加青霉素的提取率。在本研究中，青霉素的提取率最高可达91．5％，液膜溶胀率为16％。

EXTRACTION OF PENICILLIN BY EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE AND ITS SWELLING

Extration of penicillin from the simulated fermention solution was studied by W/O type emulsion liquid membrane. The effect of concentration of additive, surfactant, carrier, Na2CO3, and stirring speed on mass transfer of penicillin and liquid membrane swelling was investigated. It is shown that the extraction rate of penicillin increased obviously with the increases of the concentration of the surfactant and carrier, but the increasing the concentration of surfactant shall make liquid membrane to be liable to re-emulsifying, while re-emulsifying and stirring are the main causes of generating entrainment and swelling. Thus, liquid membrane swelling is one of the key factors affecting industrial application of the liquid membrane technique; suitable formulation and operating conditions are advantageous to control the liquid membrane swelling and heighten the extraction rate of penicillin. In this research, the extraction rate of penicillin can reach to 91.5% and liquid membrane swelling rate, 16%.