球面螺旋槽动静压气体轴承试验台的研制及试验分析

为研究气体轴承的工作机理和静动态特性、设计了球面螺旋槽动静压气体轴承试验台,通过转子升降速试验分析转速-时间、碰磨电压-时间曲线,得到转子的起飞转速为15 762 r/min;通过轴承轨迹、频谱试验研究轴承-转子系统稳定运行到失稳过程的振动变化特性,进一步使用MATLAB,MYSQL数据库及数据处理系统对试验数据进行在线和离线处理,求得气体轴承刚度、阻尼等静动态特性与供气压力、转速的变化关系;通过电磁激振系统对转子进行加载试验,研究刚度、阻尼与激振频率变化关系。试验表明:试验台可测量气体轴承的转子转速、振动位移、轨迹、频谱、起飞转速及刚度、阻尼等静动态特性系数,研究气体轴承稳定运行及失稳过程静动态特性变化和运行参数对轴承静动态特性的影响。

Development of Test Rig and Experimental Analysis for Hybrid Gas Bearings with Spherical Spiral Groove

In order to study working mechanism and static and dynamic characteristics of gas bearings,a test rig is designed for hybrid gas bearings with spherical spiral groove.The speed-time and rubbing voltage-time curve are analyzed by ascending and descending speed test for rotor,and the take-off speed of rotor is 15 762 r/min.The characteristics of vibration variation of bearing-rotor system from stable operation to instability process is researched by bearing trajectory and frequency spectrum test,the test data is treated by off-line and on-line based on MATLAB,MYSQL database,and data processing system,and the variation relationship of stiffness and damping of gas bearings with air supply pressure and rotational speed is obtained.The relationship among stiffness,damping and excitation frequency is studied by loading test for rotor by electromagnetic excitation system.The test results show that the test rig is able to measure static and dynamic characteristics parameters,such as rotational speed of rotor of gas bearings,vibration displacement,trajectory,frequency spectrum,take-off speed,stiffness and damping,and the influences of static and dynamic characteristics variation and operation parameters on static and dynamic characteristics of gas bearings are studied during stable operation and instability process.