Thin-film silicon solar cells on mullite substrates

Here we review the different methods used to create thin-film silicon solar cells on the most suitable ceramic substrates, namely alumina and mullite. The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process on bare ceramics, the CVD on glassy layers (CVD-OGL) process, and the aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) technique are reported and compared in terms of grain size, grain distribution and crystallographic orientation. The electrical quality of such layers was investigated through their open-circuit voltage before and after hydrogenation. Values up to 410 mV were measured on n⁺p mesa cell structures on ceramics.