1,4-二氯蒽醌水解制备1,4-二羟基蒽醌

以廉价的对二氯苯和邻苯二甲酸酐为原料制得1,4-二氯蒽醌，经硼酸催化水解得到1,4-二羟基蒽醌。系统地考察了反应温度、硫酸浓度、原料摩尔比和反应时间对氯转羟基反应的影响。确定了氯转羟基反应制备1,4-二羟基蒽醌的优化实验条件为：以95%浓硫酸为溶剂，在反应温度为220℃、硫酸∶1,4-二氯蒽醌∶硼酸（摩尔比）为37.5∶1.0∶1.4、反应时间为60min的条件下，以1,4-二氯蒽醌计的产物收率为71.0%。探讨和解释了硼酸催化作用下氯代蒽醌转换成羟基蒽醌可能的机理。

Preparation of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone from hydrolysis of 1,4-dichloroanthraquinone

1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone was obtained by boric acid catalytic hydrolysis of 1,4-dichloroanthraquinone，which was synthesized by using commercial phthalic anhydride and p-dichlorobenzene as raw materials. The effect of reaction temperature，sulfuric acid concentration (mass concentration)，molar ratio of reactants and reaction time on the chlorine hydroxylation reaction was investigated，and optimal experimental conditions were obtained as follows，temperature 220℃，sulfuric acid concentration 95%，molar ratio of sulfuric acid/1,4-dichloroanthraquinone/boric acid 37.5∶1.0∶1.4，reaction time 60min. Under above conditions，the yield of 1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone was 71.0%. The possible mechanism of chlorine hydroxylation with the catalytic effect of boric acid was discussed.