Investigation of Nucleation Mechanism and Tapering Observed in ZnO Nanowire Growth by Carbothermal Reduction Technique |
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Authors: | Ayan Kar Ke-Bin Low Michael Oye Michael A Stroscio Mitra Dutta Alan Nicholls M Meyyappan |
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Affiliation: | (1) Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;(2) Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;(3) Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;(4) Research Resources Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;(5) Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA |
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Abstract: | ZnO nanowire nucleation mechanism and initial stages of nanowire growth using the carbothermal reduction technique are studied
confirming the involvement of the catalyst at the tip in the growth process. Role of the Au catalyst is further confirmed
when the tapering observed in the nanowires can be explained by the change in the shape of the catalyst causing a variation
of the contact area at the liquid–solid interface of the nanowires. The rate of decrease in nanowire diameter with length
on the average is found to be 0.36 nm/s and this rate is larger near the base. Variation in the ZnO nanowire diameter with
length is further explained on the basis of the rate at which Zn atoms are supplied as well as the droplet stability at the
high flow rates and temperature. Further, saw-tooth faceting is noticed in tapered nanowires, and the formation is analyzed
crystallographically. |
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Keywords: | ZnO Nanowires Microscopy |
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