盆地流体动力学及油气运移研究进展

盆地流体地质学的核心是流体动力学。分析盆地流体动力学的发育特点与演化历史,是目前进行油气运移、成藏研究的一个有效途径。由于中国沉积盆地的后期改造强烈,油气作为流体矿产,其运移、成藏作用及赋存位置的动态性更加明显。辨识、评价盆地改造作用对盆地流体动力学的影响,有助于更加科学、有效地进行油气运移研究。在综合分析影响盆地流体动力学的因素——沉积物的埋藏和成岩作用、大气水和地表水的渗入作用、构造作用以及地下流体的相对分布——的作用机理的基础上,作者阐述了目前盆地流体动力学研究的进展和难点问题,归纳出了盆地流体动力学的演化特点,最后指出了近期研究中有待解决的几个关键科学问题,以促进本研究领域的进一步发展。 

DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FLUID DYNAMICS AND HYDROCARBON MIGRATION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS

Fluid dynamics is the nucleus of basin fluid geology. The analysis on the development characteristics and evolutionary history of fluid dynamics is an effective way to study hydrocarbon migration and accumulation at present.Because of the violent deformation of Chinese sedimentary basins in the later stage, hydrocarbon as a fluid mineral, the dynamic feature of its migration,accumulation and occurrence location becomes even more evident. To recognize and evaluate the influence of deformation on basin fluid dynamics will be helpful to the more scientific and effective research of hydrocarbon migration. Based on the comprehensive analysis of function mechanism of the factors affecting basin fluid dynamics, including the burial and diagenesis of sediments, the infiltration of meteorological and surface water, tectogenesis and the relative distribution of underground fluids, the development and difficulties of basin fluid dynamics research at present were expounded, the evolutionary characteristics of basin fluid dynamics were summarized, and some key scientific problems remaining to be solved in the furture research were put forward so as to make further progress in the domain of this research.