颗粒滩相碳酸盐岩储层发育演化的主控因素

通过对我国古生界及三叠系颗粒滩相碳酸盐岩储层的综合分析，以储层动态发育演化为主线，研究其主控因素，认为滩相碳酸盐岩储层的发育演化主要受沉积、成岩和构造三大地质因素的联合控制。探讨了沉积古地理、海平面相对升降变化、白云岩化作用、溶蚀作用等因素对滩相储层发育与演化的影响，指出发育于海底古地貌高地上的浅水高能台缘滩和台内滩决定了滩相储层的原始空间分布，而海平面下降半旋回则有利于滩相储层的发育与演化，滩相沉积物的早期白云岩化有利于形成孔渗性较好的残余颗粒白云岩和晶粒白云岩，早期大气淡水溶蚀作用以及与油气运移同步的埋藏溶蚀作用是滩相储层优化改造的关键因素。这可以为滩相颗粒碳酸盐岩储层形成机理和预测模型的深入研究提供基本的地质框架。

Analysis of main controlling factors of formation evolution in grain-beach carbonate reservoir

Through comprehensive analysis of grain-beach carbonate reservoir of Paleozoic and Triassic layers in China, taking the reservoir dynamic evolution as a main point, the main controlling factors is studied. It is believed that the development and evolution of beach carbonate reservoir is mainly controlled by three geological factors of deposition, diagenesis and structure. The paper discussed the influence to the sedimentary paleogeographic, the fluctuation of sea level, the dolomization and denudation etc. It points out that the shallow high energy platform edge and inner platform facies developed on highland of palaeogeomorphology at sea bed controlls the ancestral spatial distribution of grain-beach reservoirs,while the half cycle of sea level drop is beneficial to development and evolution of the beach reservoir. The early stage dolomization of beach facies is advantageous to forming residual grain dolomite and crystalline dolomite with better porosity and permeability. The early atmosphere fresh water denudation and buries denudation synchronized with the oil-gas migration are the key factors to optimization and transformation of beach reservoir. This will provide a basic geological frame for further research to the forming mechanism and the forecast model of grain-beach carbonate reservoirs.