青岛第二海底隧道新型海中送排通风方案探析

根据青岛胶州湾海底隧道的顶部排烟道、服务隧道、黄岛岸边竖井、盾构底部救援通道的布置,提出了不设海中竖井的新型海中送排通风方案,在分析确定了海中送排风量的基础上,对不同行车工况下隧道内风流流动进行了计算,提出了新型海中送排运营通风设备配置及控制方案,并与海中设竖井通风送排方案进行了对比分析。结果表明:南北两线黄岛送排风、服务隧道海中送风、救援通道海中送风、南线分岔前海中送风、排烟通道海中排风、出口风塔排风风机独立设置后,新型海中送排通风方案通风效果良好,尽管比海中设竖井通风方案年能耗略大,系统布置略显复杂,但能有效利用服务隧道、南北线顶部排烟道、盾构底部救援通道,实现超长海底隧道海中少设通风竖井,避免了极大的施工风险,保护了海域环境,为超长海底隧道通风方案制定提供了新理念。

Exploration of a New Ventilation Scheme for the Second Submarine Tunnel in Qingdao

According to the arrangement of the top exhaust flue, service tunnel, Huangdao shore shaft and shield bottom rescue passage of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Submarine Tunnel, this paper proposed a new type of scheme of ventilation and air supply and exhaust without the shaft in the sea. Based on the analysis and determination of the underwater supply and discharge air volume, the calculation of the wind flow in the tunnel under different driving conditions was carried out. A new type of ventilation equipment configuration and control scheme for delivery and operation ventilation in the sea was proposed, and a comparative analysis was made with the ventilation and delivery scheme of the sea shaft. The results show that after the sending and exhausting winds on the north and south lines of Huangdao, the wind supply in the sea of the service tunnel and the rescue channel, the wind sent in the sea before the south line splits, the wind sent in the sea of smoke exhaust channels, and the outlet wind tower exhaust fan are set independently, the new ventilation system in the sea has a good ventilation effect. Although the annual energy consumption of the shaft ventilation scheme is slightly larger than that in the sea shaft, and the system layout is slightly complicated, the service tunnel, the top exhaust duct of the north and south line, and the rescue passage at the bottom of the shield can be effectively utilized to realize a super-long sea tunnel with less ventilation shafts in the sea. It avoids great construction risks, protects the sea environment, and provides a new concept for the development of ventilation schemes for super-long sea tunnels.