基于空间句法的地下空间视线分析及优化策略

随着地下公共空间日趋庞大与复杂,其内部空间破碎,视线阻隔严重,对人的行为心理产生了负面影响。研究引入了空间句法理论,基于空间之间的逻辑关系,以数理的方法进行视线环境分析。首先介绍了空间句法视线分析中多种算法的计算原理、数值意义及应用场景;继而运用UCL Depthmap软件对3个代表性案例进行演算,绘出多种算法下的数值图谱。通过读图分析结合经验判断,归纳说明了地下空间的平面形状、空间形态、防火分区等因素对视线深度、可达性、路径选择等方面的影响。进而在地下空间的功能设计、交通组织、防火分隔、标识与安防方面提出4点优化策略。研究过程证明了空间句法的计算分析方法对提高大型地下空间设计的科学性有显著的帮助。

Visual Analysis and Optimization Strategies of Underground Space Based on Space Syntax

As the scale of underground space is becoming larger, the fragmentation of the internal space and sight obstruction becomes serious, which has a negative impact on human behavior and psychology. Based on the logical relationship between spaces, this paper introduces the theory of space syntax to analyze the visual environment with mathematical method. Firstly, the calculation principle, numerical significance and application scenarios of various algorithms in visual analysis system were introduced. Secondly, three representative cases were calculated by using UCL Depthmap software, and the numerical distribution diagrams of various algorithms were obtained. Thirdly, based on the analysis of reading diagrams and experienced judgment, the influence of plane shape, spatial distribution, fire compartment and other factors of underground space related to visual depth, accessibility, path selection and other aspects were explained. Finally, four optimization strategies were put forward in the aspect of function design, traffic organization, fire separation, marking and security of underground space. The research process proves that the calculation method of spatial syntax is of great help to strengthen the scientificity of large-scale underground space design.