Q345/SUS304异种钢对接接头残余应力和变形的分析

以ABAQUS软件为平台,开发了热-弹-塑性有限元计算方法用于模拟Q345/SUS304异种钢多层多道焊对接接头的温度场、残余应力和焊接变形. 同时,采用试验方法测量了焊接接头的残余应力、横向收缩和角变形. 计算得到的残余应力、横向收缩和角变形与实测值吻合良好,验证了计算方法的妥当性. 结果表明,Q345母材与焊缝交界处的应力分布有明显的不连续性,靠近交界处Q345侧的较窄范围内纵向拉伸应力明显低于该区的两侧;SUS304侧的高纵向拉伸应力区明显宽于Q345侧. 此外,试验和数值分析表明,Q345/SUS304异质接头有较明显的角变形.

Study on welding residual stress and distortion of Q345/SUS304 dissimilar steel butt weld

Based on ABAQUS software, a computational approach was developed to simulate the welding temperature field, the residual stress distribution and the deformation of Q345/SUS304 dissimilar steel multi-pass welding joint with a thickness of 10 mm. Meanwhile, experiments were carried out to measure welding residual stresses, transverse shrinkage and angular distortion of the butt weld. Through comparing the simulated results with the measured data, it was found that both residual stresses and deformation predicted by the numerical model were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The simulation results show that the longitudinal residual stress distribution is discontinuous near the fusion line between Q345 and weld metal, and the longitudinal stresses next to the fusion line in the Q345 steel side are significantly lower than those in the both sides of this region. Also, another interesting phenomenon is that the region with high tensile stress in SUS304 side is wider than that in Q345 side. In addition, both the simulation results and the experiment measurement indicated that a relatively large angular distortion was produced in the joint after welding.