我国不同类型烟叶烟碱转化株的比例和转化程度分布

为进一步纯化烟叶群体,提高烟叶品质。对我国5种类型(烤烟、白肋烟、香料烟、马里兰烟和晒红烟)13个主栽品种的烟叶(2003-2004年调制)烟碱转化株的比例和转化程度分布进行了分析测定。白肋烟品种和杂交种存在严重的烟碱向降烟碱转化问题,总转化株占烟株群体的比例除B37外,均在30%以上;烤烟品种烟碱转化问题相对较小,转化株比例低,且多为低转化株,所测品种群体中总转化株的比例不超过7%;香料烟和马里兰烟群体总转化株比例也偏高,分别为10.0%和9.84%,而且有一定比例的高转化株;晒红烟转化株比例较低。 

Proportion of nicotine converters and distribution of conversion level in different tobacco types in China

Research was carried out to investigate proportion of nicotine converters and distribution of conversion level of 13 genotypes from 5 Chinese tobaccos (flue-cured, burley, Oriental, Maryland, and red sun -cured types)harvested in 2003 and 2004. Serious problem of nicotine to nornicotine conversion was found in burley hybrids and varieties, with the proportion of converters over 30% for all the genotypes except for B37. The most cultivated hybrid "E Yan 1" had not only large number of converters but also the highest proportion of high converters. The problem of nicotine conversion was relatively insignificant for flue -cured tobacco, showing less converters and lower conversion level, with the proportion of converters lower than 7% for all the tested varieties. Among those tested, "Zhongyan 101" had no converters found, while "Zhongyan 100" and "NC89" had 6.67% and 5.0% of total converters, respectively. The proportion of total converters were relatively high in Oriental and Maryland tobaccos, 10.0% and 9.84%, respectively, including some high converters. Very low proportion of converters was found in red sun-cured tobacco.