精确校正激光测距仪三光轴平行的理论计算方法研究

利用光学系统中的偏心环(框)结构精确校正光轴平行,是激光测距仪准确可靠测量目标距离的重要保障.由于这种光轴校正训练难以在实物上开展,所以本文以激光测距仪瞄准物镜具有偏心物镜框、环这种常见的双偏心结构为例,研究了精确校正瞄准与激光发射两光轴平行的仿真模拟所需的理论计算公式.具体研究内容有:一是证明两光轴平行度误差量可以借助平行光管和黑相纸测量出来;二是在已知光轴平行度误差量和瞄准物镜焦距情况下,给出校正光轴平行时计算瞄准物镜主点径向位移量的公式;最后,结合实际操作情况(利用拨转偏心物镜框、环实现物镜主点径向移动),在已知光轴平行度误差量和校正前偏心物镜框、环最薄点位置情况下,研究出精确校正光轴平行所需的确定偏心物镜框、环最薄点新位置的理论计算公式.

Study of the calculation method for accurately adjusting laser-range-finder′s three-optic-axes to parallel to each other

For laser range-finders to measure target′s distance accurately and creditably it is important that three-optic-axes are accurately adjusted to be parallel to each other with eccentric object-glass-frame and rings. Because the exercises of optic-axes-adjustment cannot be done with real laser range-finders, the formulate used to imitate real optic-axes-adjustemnt are worked out by using an example in which the object-glass of laser range-finger has an eccentric object-glass-frame and ring to adjust aiming and laser-shooting axes to parallel. First, it is proved that the error of optic-axes-parallelism can be measured with a collimator and a black-photograph. Second, the formulae are given, which are used to calculate the radial displacement of an object-glass' principal point, when aiming and laser-shooting axes are accurately adjusted to parallel with the known error of optic-axes-parallelism and focal distance of object-glass. Finally, knowing the error of optic-axes-parallelism and thinnest-position of eccentric object-glass-frame and ring before optic-axes-adjustment, the formulae are analyzed to give the new thinnest-position of eccentric object-glass-frame and ring for accurately adjusting optic-axes to parallel each other. According to the real handling of optic-axes-adjustment,the principle point of object-glass is moved by rotating eccentric object-glass-frame and ring.