高 速 钢 中 的 碳 化 物 缺 陷

 大量碳化物的存在是高速钢组织的重要特征，也是影响高速钢质量和性能的关键因素。碳化物颗粒细小、形状规则和分布均匀的钢其质量和性能都好。但是，钢中的碳化物并不都这样理想，往往存在缺陷。根据对W18Cr4V、W6Mo5Cr4V2、W9Mo3Cr4V和W2Mo9Cr4VCo8等钢中碳化物的研究结果，分析了高速钢中常见的几种缺陷：①碳化物分布不均匀；②颗粒尺寸粗大，形状不规则，多为角状等；③碳化物微裂纹；④碳化物粘连等；⑤二次碳化物稀少。另外，还分析了以上碳化物缺陷产生的原因和危害性，并指出了减少缺陷应采取的措施。

Carbide Defect in High Speed Steel

The most important microstructure of high speed steel (HSS) is featured by the large number of carbides in it which have crucial effect on the quality and properties of HSS. High quality steels are those which have uniformly distributed, fine grained and regularly shaped carbides. However, these ideal conditions are not so easy. Several common defects of carbides in HSS W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2, W9Mo3Cr4V and W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 are analyzed, such as inhomogeneous distribution of carbides, large sized and angular shaped carbides, microcrack carbides, adherence between carbides, and lack of secondary carbides. Necessary measures for avoiding these defects are discussed.