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Luminogenic polymers with aggregation-induced emission characteristics |
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| Authors: | Anjun QinJacky WY Lam Ben Zhong Tang |
| Affiliation: | a MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China b Department of Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China c HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Nansha, Guangzhou, China |
| Abstract: | Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a newly developed phenomenon that is exactly opposite to the aggregation-caused emission quenching effect observed with some conventional luminophores. The AIE phenomenon was first realized in propeller-like small molecules and now has extended to polymeric systems. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the preparation of luminogenic polymers with AIE or aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) characteristics, which are generally prepared by attaching AIE-active luminogens, such as tetraphenylethene and silole, as pendants to the polymer backbones or utilizing them as skeletons for main chain polymers. An AIE phenomenon was observed in succinic anhydride-containing nonconjugated polymers bearing no luminogens, presumably due to the agglomeration of carbonyl groups. The AIE/AEE-active polymers show unique properties, such as emission superquenching, high and tunable light refractivity, and aggregation-enhanced two-photon excited fluorescence, and have found potential applications as fluorescent sensors, biological probes, and active layers for the fabrication of light-emitting diodes. |
| Keywords: | ACQ aggregation-caused quenching AEE aggregation-enhanced emission AETPEF aggregation-enhanced two-photon excited fluorescence AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile AIE aggregation-induced emission Alq3 tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum BCP bathocuproine BPO benzoyl peroxide BSA bovine serum albumin CSA camphorsulfonic acid DCM dichloromethane EL electroluminescence fwhm full width at half-maximum ITO indium tin oxide HPS hexaphenylsilole LCST lower critical solution temperature NIPAM N-isopropylacrylamide PA picric acid PATA poly(aroyltriazole) PDPA poly(diphenylacetylene) PIBSA polyisobutene succinic anhydride PL photoluminescence PNIPAM poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PPA poly(1-phenyl-1-alkyne) PVK poly(9-vinylcarbazole) RD rhodamine RI refractive indices RIR restriction of intramolecular rotation SEM scanning electron microscope TPB triphenylbenzene TPE tetraphenylethene TPEF two-photon excited fluorescence |
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