聚氨酯弹性体介电性能的研究

通过对比不同种类、不同相对分子质量多元醇以及不同异氰酸酯,研究了聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)结构与材料介电性能(体积电阻率、介电常数、介电损耗)的关系。结果表明,当多元醇种类变化时,聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)型PUE介电损耗最大;聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMEG)型PUE、介电常数、介电损耗都最小;聚己内脂二醇(PCL)型PUE体积电阻率和介电常数最大。当多元醇相对分子质量增加时,PUE体积电阻率减小,介电常数和介电损耗增加;二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯/1,4-二羟基丁烷(MDI/BDO)型PUE与甲苯二异氰酸酯/3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二氨基二苯甲烷(TDI/MOCA)型PUE相比,体积电阻率更低、介电常数和介电损耗更高。

Research on Dielectric Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer

The relationship between the structure of polyurethane elastomer （PUE） and the dielectric proper- ties（volume resistivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss） was studied through comparing different type and mo- lecular weight of polyols and different isocyanate. The experimental results showed that PUE based on PPG had the maximum dielectric loss using different polyol. The PUE based on PTMEG had the minimized volume resistivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss. The PUE based on PCL had the maximum volume resistivity and dielectric constant. The volume resistivity of PUE was decreased, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PUE was in- creased with the molecular weight of polyols increasing. The volume resistivity was smaller, the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss was greater, comparing the PUE based on MDI/BDO with PUE based on TDI/MOCA.