Suppression of splenic T lymphocyte proliferation by acute cocaine administration |
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Authors: | JR Piccotti CS Brissette-Storkus WH Chambers JD Bricker |
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Affiliation: | Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. |
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Abstract: | We have recently demonstrated that cocaine administration has a limited effect on mitogen-stimulated T lymphocyte proliferation. The present study investigated the effect of cocaine on splenic T cell response to alloantigens. Rats received intraperitoneal injections of cocaine HCI, and splenocytes were isolated either thirty minutes or three hours post-administration. In the thirty minute exposure group, cocaine at 10.0 and 25.0 mg/Kg/B.Wt. suppressed (p<0.05) T cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte cultures. Compared to control data, proliferation was decreased by 46.6% and 56.4%, respectively. However, this effect was not as pronounced in cells isolated three hours post-administration, indicating a transient inhibition of T cell function by cocaine. The decrease in splenic T cell proliferation in response to alloantigens in the thirty minute exposure group did not reflect alterations in calcium influx or IL-2 production. Although this study did not ascertain the exact mechanism of inhibition, these results demonstrate that short-term cocaine exposure can alter T cell reactivity to alloantigens, suggesting a reduction in the functional status of these cells. |
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