广州荔湾湖公园区域光景感知评价研究

选取广州荔湾湖公园区域为研究对象，采用问卷调查及半结构化访谈等调查光景特色度、满意度评价及光景偏好等。得出特色度评价与视野中心构筑物特色度有关；影响区域光景满意度的主要指标为视觉舒适度、光景色彩丰富度、美景度、安静度等；不同社会特征人群存在光景色彩倾向、光景认同度、风情感受等光景感知、评价差异，并对昼夜、季节、自然/人工光景等有类型偏好；光景偏好与时空使用、气候、固有环境等有关；人们较关注区域自然光景、视觉亮度、水质及光景特色（风情）等环境—光景要素。从而为粤港澳大湾区游径建设背景下历史风情区光景规划设计提供参考。

Research on Lightscape Perception and Evaluation of Lichi Wan Park Area

Lightscapes in historic blocks are an important part of the landscape system, which carry local cultural memory and convey nostalgia. Exploring representative lightscapes with local characteristics and analysing people's perceptions of lightscapes can not only expand the research dimension of landscape lightscapes, but also provide new perspectives for the preservation, renovation, and construction of historic landscape gardens. Lichi Wan Lake Park in Xiguan District, Guangzhou is the core area of ancient and current Puntong as well as the main body of Fengyuan Street. Lichi Wan Lake Historical and Cultural District, containing abundant natural and cultural resources and scenery. In this study, attention was paid to the formation of lightscapes in Lichi Wan Lake Park. Moreover, characteristics and preferences of lightscapes were investigated via questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview. Results demonstrated that the evaluation of lightscapes is related to the characteristics of structures in the center of vision. Visual comfort, color richness, degree of beautiful scenery, degree of quietness are major factors that influence lightscape satisfaction in the region. Conversely, characteristics, artistic concept, light and color perception, and regional lightscape coordination make small contributions to satisfaction. Additionally, people's preferences between day or night, seasonal, and natural or artificial lightscapes were explored. It was concluded that people generally prefer night lightscapes, autumn lightscapes, and natural lightscapes, which involve time of use, space activity, optimal climate, and inherent environment. Groups with different social characteristics, such as tourists, local residents, and different age groups, have different lightscape preferences. Therefore, lightscapes can be constructed for different groups. Preferred lightscapes include surface wave and inverted images-shadows of buildings like bridges and pavilions-light decorations in pavilions, terraces, and open halls. These key lightscape types should be retained, optimized, and included into lightscape walking paths. By exploring the lightscape perception conditions of different social groups, some gender differences in light color preference and perception were recognized via independent T-test, Chi-square test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Groups with different education backgrounds also have different lightscape satisfaction in Longjin West Road. Users who visit with different frequency and have different degrees of familiarity with historical sites in the park have different perceptions of lightscapes in the region. The interviews demonstrate that people easily perceive environmental lightscape elements (e.g., natural lightscapes, visual brightness, and water cleanness) and have strong preferences for lightscapes with Xiguan (cultural) characteristics. The conclusion provides recommendations for lightscape planning and design in historic landscape parks in the context of tourism path construction in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay.