猴头菌液体发酵产多糖、核苷、萜类工艺优化及其抗氧化活性

为优化猴头菌液体发酵产多糖、核苷、总萜的培养工艺，探究其抗氧化活性。以三种活性成分产量为指标，通过单因素实验筛选出合适的碳源、氮源、温度、转速、pH、接种量，以采用熵权法赋权计算3种活性成分产量的综合评分为响应值，通过Box-Behnken建立数学模型确定猴头菌液体发酵最佳条件，对发酵产物进行抗氧化活性评价。结果表明:最佳碳源为可溶性淀粉和玉米粉，氮源为酵母浸粉和山药汁，温度23.5 ℃，转速128 r/min，pH5.9，接种量8.5%，在该条件下，猴头菌液体发酵条件的综合评分为2.090，与模型预测综合评分2.164基本一致，多糖、核苷、总萜产量分别为5.12、1.17、0.42 mg/mL；发酵全液、发酵液、菌丝体（湿）对DPPH清除率的IC₅₀值分别166、237、53 mg/mL，对ABTS+自由基清除率的IC₅₀ 值分别为68、55、72，500 mg/mL时总还原能力分别为0.711、0.708、0.841。本研究为猴头菌液体发酵的工业化生产奠定基础。

Optimization of Polysaccharides,Nucleosides and Terpenes Production from Hericium erinaceus by Liquid Fermentation and Its Antioxidant Activity

This paper aimed to optimize the culture technology of polysaccharide, nucleoside and total terpene produced by liquid fermentation of Hericium ericium, and explore its antioxidant activity.With the yield of three active ingredients as the index, the suitable carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, rotational speed, pH and inoculation amount were screened out through single factor experiment. The comprehensive score of the yield of three active ingredients calculated by entropy weight method was used as the response value. A mathematical model was established by Box-Behnken to determine the optimal conditions for liquid fermentation of Hericium ericium. The antioxidant activity of the fermentation products was evaluated. The results showed that: The optimal carbon source was soluble starch and corn meal, the nitrogen source was yeast extract and yam juice, temperature 23.5 ℃, rotating speed 128 r/min, pH5.9, inoculation quantity 8.5%. Under these conditions, the comprehensive score of liquid fermentation condition of Hericium ericium was 2.090, which was basically consistent with the comprehensive score of 2.164 predicted by the model. The yield of polysaccharide, nucleoside and terpene were 5.12, 1.17 and 0.42 mg/mL. The IC₅₀ values of DPPH scavenging rate of fermentation liquid, fermentation liquid and mycelium (wet) were 166, 237, 53 mg/mL, and the IC₅₀ values of ABTS+ scavenging rate were 68, 55, 72 mg/mL. The total reducing capacities at 500 mg/mL were 0.711, 0.708 and 0.841. The study would lay a foundation for the industrialized production of Hericium ericium liquid fermentation.