大数据时代的智慧景区管理与服务探讨

大数据时代的到来使智慧景区的发展既赢得机遇又面临挑战。本文旨在探讨智慧景区如何在大数据背景下深化发展，首先从“制定智慧景区发展规划、完善景区信息基础设施、构建景区智慧应用体系”3个层面分析“十二五”以来我国智慧景区的发展成就，并从景区资源保护、业务管理和游客服务等3个视角分析大数据、物联网、云计算背景下智慧景区发展的困惑；然后论述智慧景区时空大数据的内涵、类型与特点，明确景区时空大数据包括2大类、10中类、30小类，具有多源性、客观性、动态性、现势性和精细性等5个突出特点；最后从景区资源保护的精明化、业务管理的精细化、大众服务的精准化3个维度，提出智慧景区发展的趋势。

Study on Smart National Park Management and Service in the Big Data Era

There are opportunities and challenges for the development of smart nationalparks with the coming of the big data era. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the futuredevelopment trends of smart national parks in the new era. Firstly, the paper analyzesdevelopment achievements of smart national parks since the 12th Five-Year-Plan in threeaspects, such as constituting the smart national park planning, improving the smart informationinfrastructure, and developing the smart application system. Meanwhile, the opportunitiesand challenges of the smart national park development with the new technology application ofbig data, internet of things, and cloud computing are discussed in three points of view, namelyresources conservation, operational management, and public service. Then, the paper exploresthe concept, types, and characteristics of spatial-temporal big data of smart national parksaccordingly. While there are two main classes, ten medium classes, and thirty sub-classes intypes, there are five characteristics like multi-sources, objectivity, dynamics, currency, andprecision. Finally, the future development trends of smart national parks are worked out in threedimensions, such as smart conservation, refined management, and precision service.