内燃机轴瓦烧损的原因及预防

随着内燃机工业的发展和市场的普及,烧瓦抱轴是内燃机常见故障之一,但轴瓦失效分析是个复杂的系统工程,分析轴瓦失效重在寻找原因,以便“对症下药”,进行纠正和预防。轴瓦的失效往往是由于内燃机在使用中机油变质或短缺,没有合理形成正常的油膜厚度;以及轴颈与轴瓦的装配间隙;还有机油压力低是影响润滑效果的关键指标,使得曲轴与轴瓦之间因缺少机油润滑而“咬死”。并在多年的研究工作中积累了许多方面轴瓦失效的资料,对实物分析多件为例,分别归类:失效形式包括严重拉伤、缺少润滑油,干摩擦产生合金层熔化、和摩擦副的摩滑面没有保持一定厚度的油膜和各种局部过载疲劳破坏、气蚀和V形破坏等。

Reasons and Proventions of Engine Bearing Burning-out

The bearing burnt and the journal sticking are frequent errors for diesel engines It is systematic to analysis bearing failure and the work should be focused on reasons of bearing failure in order to take correction and protection measures.In general,lub-oil deterioration or lack,which shall have a normal oil layer not formed,unreasonable clearance between bearing journal and bearing resulting in bearing failure of internal combustion engine.Based on the materials on bearing failure from the experiences many years and analysis of samples,we can conclude that reasons of bearing failure is considered including severe pull,shortage of the lub-oil,the alloy layer melted by the dry friction and loss of a reasonable oil thickness between friction pairs,damage by over load,cavitation erosion,and V and much more.