严寒气候条件下露天煤矿开采经济剥采比

针对我国露天煤矿广泛分布在北方、多采用单斗-卡车开采工艺的现状，考虑到严寒气候对矿山机械设备用油、维护以及作业效率等影响严重的问题，采用理论分析与统计分析方法，在分析露天矿开采境界确定原则及影响因素的基础上，分析了严寒气候与燃油价格、黏斗系数、机械故障率的关系，计算了严寒气候条件对露天矿山开采成本的影响，研究确定了考虑气候因素时露天矿经济剥采比的计算方法。以2座规模相当、气候环境不同的露天煤矿为实例，对比分析了《煤炭工业露天矿设计规范》在不同气候环境露天矿的适用性，得出不受严寒气候影响的A矿经济剥采比6.32 m3/t，受严寒气候影响严重的B矿经济剥采比为5.78 m3/t。结果表明：严寒气候条件显著增加露天矿开采成本，降低经济剥采比，进行露天矿开采境界圈定时需加以考虑。

Economic Stripping Ratio of the Open Pit Coal Mining under the Condition of Frigid Climate

Aiming at the present situation that most of the opencast coal mines in China distribute in the northern area and the wildly applies the Shovel-Truck technology，and considering that the frigid climate has important effects on mechanical equipment fuel prices，maintenance and working performance in mine area，the relation between frigid climate，fuel prices，sticky bucket coefficient and technical failure rate is analyzed，and the influence on strip mining cost from frigid climate is calculated by the theoretical analysis method and the statistical analysis method，and on the basis of the analysis of open pit mining limit's determining principle and the influence factors.The calculating method of economic stripping ratio for open-pit coal mien is researched and confirmed by considering the climate factors.Taking two opencast coal mines with the same scale but different weather conditions for examples，the applicability of the design standards of open-air mines in coal industry in opencast coal mines with different weather conditions are compared and analyzed，which present that the economic stripping ratio of mine A without influence from the frigid weather is 6.32 m3/t，and on the other hand，it is 5.78 m3/t in mine B which is strongly influenced by the cold weather.All of these show that the frigid climate will increase the open pit mining cost and lower the economic stripping ratio，so it should be taken into consideration in boundary delineation of surface mine.