Direct and residual fertilizer phosphorus effects on yield and phosphorus efficiency of upland rice in an Ultisol |
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Authors: | KL Sahrawat MP Jones S Diatta |
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Affiliation: | (1) West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), 01, B.P. 2551, Bouake, Ivory Coast |
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Abstract: | Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major limiting factors for crop production in highly weathered soils in the humid
zone of West Africa. Very few studies have evaluated the residual value of fertilizer P to rice in these soils. Field experiments
were conducted for three years (1993–1995) to determine the response of four upland rice cultivars to fertilizer P applied
at 0, 45, 90, 145 and 180 kg P ha-1 only once in 1993, and to fertilizer P residues in 1994 and 1995. The soil at the experimental site, in the humid forest
zone of Ivory Coast (West Africa), was an Ultisol, low in available P.
Grain yields of the rice cultivars were significantly increased by fertilizer P in 1993, and by the fertilizer P residues
in 1994 and 1995 although the magnitude of response decreased with time since the fertilizer was applied. The cultivars differed
in cumulative agronomic and physiological efficiencies, and the efficiencies were higher at the lower rates of P. The amounts
of total P removed in three successive crops were similar for all the four rice cultivars although P harvest index was 10–12%
higher in the P efficient than inefficient cultivars. The results suggest that the differences observed in the P efficiency
of rice cultivars are due to differences in the internal efficiency of P.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | cummulative agronomic and physiological P efficiencies grain yield t Oryza sativa P harvest index P recoveryfraction P residues |
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