厚朴树叶中酚酸性物质的分离及研究

以陕南秦巴山区干燥的厚朴树叶为原料,提取树叶中的厚朴酚与和厚朴酚,并分离出挥发油,分析挥发油的组成。利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用GC-MS联用技术对厚朴挥发油的组分进行分离和鉴定,利用气相色谱面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量;利用碱提酸沉法、离心后获得厚朴酚类物质粗品,然后与硅胶按1∶1比例混合均匀,用石油醚进行索氏提取至无色,经旋转蒸发仪旋转得到厚朴酚晶体。从厚朴叶挥发油中鉴定出41种化合物,并将厚朴粗品经精制后,测得厚朴酚的熔点为101℃,和厚朴酚的熔点为86℃。厚朴叶挥发油中含量较高的组分为β—氧化石竹烯(32.0%),4—丙烯基苯酚(25.01%),喇叭醇(15.01%),龙脑香(12.01%)等。分离得到了较纯的起主要药用作用的化合物5,5′—二烯丙基—2,2′—联苯二酚(厚朴酚)和5,3′—二烯丙基-2,4′—联苯二酚(和厚朴酚)。

The Separation and Analytical Study of Phenolic Compounds from the Leaves of Magnolia Officinalis

Using the dry leaves of Magnolia officinalis as raw material, Magnolol and Honokiol were extracted from the leaves, and volatile oils of Magnolo and Honokiol were separated and analyzed. We took measures of steam distillation to extract the volatile oils. The components of the volatile oils were separated and structurally identified by GC-MS. The relative contents of these components were determined by the peak-area normalization method adopted in gas chromatography. We can get the crude products of Magnolia officinalis by alkali dissolution and acid deposition method and centrifuge; mix the crude products with silica gel in the ratio of 1 ： 1; extract the mixture till colorless products by petroleum ether; obtain Magnolo crystal through rotary evaporators. 41 components were identified from the volatile oils. The melting point of Magnolol is 101 ℃, and the Honokiol 86℃. The main constituents of the volatile oils were Caryophyleneoxide （32.0%）, Phenol, 4- [2-propenyl]- （25.01%）, 2-Naphthalene, thand, decahydro, a, a, 4a- trimethyl-8-methylene-, [2r-[2a, 4aa, 8aβ]]-（ 15.01%）, Bicyclo[2,2,1 ]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, [ 1 s-endo]- （12.01%）. Through extraction pure components with medical function were determined as Magnolol and Honokiol.