阻燃剂赛克三硅酸二溴丙酯的合成及应用研究

以三（2-羟乙基）异氰尿酸酯（赛克）、四氯化硅与2,3-二溴丙醇为原料,合成阻燃剂赛克三硅酸二溴丙酯。探讨了溶剂、反应温度与物质的量之比对产物收率的影响,优化的工艺条件：四氯化硅、2,3-二溴丙醇、赛克与2,3-二溴丙醇的量之比为3∶3∶1∶6.7。四氯化硅先与2,3-二溴丙醇在45℃反应2 h,再加入赛克于90℃反应11 h,最后滴入2,3-二溴丙醇保温90℃反应8 h;产物收率为93.3%。通过FTIR、^1H NMR、差热分析及极限氧指数等表征产物的结构及性能;应用实验表明该产物阻燃效能高,适合作聚氯乙烯（PVC）等材料的阻燃剂。在较佳用量下PVC材料的极限氧指数为25%,具有良好的阻燃性、成炭防滴落性能。

Synthesis and Application of Flame Retardant of THEIC Trisilicate Dibromopropyl Ester

The flame retardant of THEIC trisilicate dibromopropyl ester was synthesized with tri（ 2-hydroxyethyl） isocyanurate（ THEIC）,silicon tetrachloride and 2,3-dibromopropanol as the raw materials.Effects of solvent,reaction temperature and loading ratio of substance on the yield of the product were discussed. The optimal conditions were as follows： the mass ratio of n（ silicon tetrachloride） ∶ n（ 2,3-dibromopropanol） ∶ n（ THEIC） ∶ n（ 2,3-dibromopropanol） was 3∶ 3∶ 1∶ 6. 7. Silicon tetrachloride first reacted with 2,3-dibromopropanol for 2 hours at 45℃,and then THEIC was added at 90℃ reacting for 11 hours,finally 2,3-dibromopropanol was added at 90℃ reacting for 8 hours. The yield of product was 93. 3%. The structure and properties of the flame retardant products were characterized by FTIR,^1H NMR,DTA and limiting oxygen in-dex techniques. Experimental results showed that the product was an ideal flame retardant for PVC and other materials,with high synergistic flame retardant. The limiting oxygen index of PVC was 25%,with good flame retardancy and carbon anti-dropping resistance.