国外典型乏燃料转运码头技术条件对我国乏燃料多模式联运体系建设的启示

随着我国核电的发展,单一的公路运输体系无法满足分布在我国沿海各处的核电厂乏燃料外运需求,包括海运在内的多模式联运体系是未来乏燃料外运的发展方向。本文对国外典型的乏燃料转运码头技术条件进行了调研,并对我国乏燃料海运存在的问题进行了分析。结果表明,国外典型乏燃料货包转运码头均配备了符合要求的固定式起重设备,船舶在港作业期间对码头进行封闭式管理,并对码头作业人员的受照剂量进行监督和控制。针对我国尚无乏燃料海运经验,更没有转运码头的相关技术规范的现状,本文提出可借鉴国外如法国、英国、日本乏燃料海运的经验,并对我国乏燃料海运存在的问题提出了建议。

Enlightenment of typically foreign spent fuel trans-shipment ports technology to the construction of multimodal transport system of spent fuel in China

Single highway transportation system cannot meet the requirement of spent fuel transportation of the coastal nuclear power plant in China as the development of nuclear power. The multimodal transportation system including maritime transportation is the future direction of spent fuel transportation. In this paper, the technical conditions of typical spent fuel trans-shipment ports abroad are investigated, and the issues of our spent fuel shipping are analyzed. The results show that the typical foreign spent fuel trans-shipment ports are equipped with fixed lifting equipment that meets the requirements, and the ports are under closed management during the operation of ship in the ports, and the dose of exposure of the ports operators is monitored and controlled. As we have no experience of spent fuel shipping, let alone the relevant technical specifications of trans-shipment ports, this paper puts forward the experience of spent fuel shipping in foreign countries such as France, Britain and Japan. This paper also puts forward some suggestions on the existing problems of spent fuel shipping in China.