框架免动力加速对流锚杆多年冻土#br#边坡支护结构的提出及理论计算方法

针对多年冻土边坡的冻融滑塌问题，结合无动力通风技术、通风管降温技术和锚固技术，提出一种新型框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构，并阐述了新型结构的工作机理。基于通风工程和传热学理论，建立免动力加速对流锚杆与土体换热的计算模型，给出免动力加速对流锚杆的热效应理论计算方法；基于Winkler弹性地基梁理论，建立框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构与土体协同工作的计算模型，提出框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构的力学效应理论计算方法。结合算例，采用提出的理论计算方法对框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构的热-力学效应进行分析，并利用自主研发的框架免动力加速对流锚杆支护多年冻土边坡的水热力耦合分析软件对提出的理论计算方法进行验证，结果表明：①无动力风帽极大提升了免动力加速对流锚杆的通风能力，增大了外界冷空气与边坡内部土体之间的对流换热强度，促使多年冻土边坡内冻融交界面逐年抬升；②框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构减弱了边坡土体的冻胀作用，能够提高多年冻土边坡的稳定性；③文章提出的理论计算方法具有一定的准确性和合理性，可为框架免动力加速对流锚杆边坡支护结构的设计提供理论依据。

Proposal of the permafrost slope supporting structure with framed unpowered #br#acceleration convection anchor and its theoretical calculation method

Aiming at the problem of freeze-thaw collapse of permafrost slope, a permafrost slope supporting structure with framed unpowered acceleration convection anchor was proposed by adopting unpowered ventilation technology, air-duct cooling technology and anchoring technology, and then its work mechanism was elaborated. Based on the theories of heat transfer and ventilation engineering, the calculation model of heat transfer between unpowered acceleration convection anchor and soil was established. Besides, a theoretical calculation method for the thermal effect of unpowered acceleration convection anchor was developed. Based on the Winkler elastic foundation beam model, a calculation model of cooperation between the supporting structure with framed unpowered acceleration convection anchor and soil was established. Furthermore, a theoretical calculation method for the mechanical effect of the permafrost slope supporting structure with framed unpowered acceleration convection anchor was proposed. Based on the calculation examples, the thermo-mechanical effect of the permafrost slope supporting structure with framed unpowered acceleration convection anchor was analyzed by the proposed theoretical calculation method, which was then verified by the Moisture-Heat-StressCoupled Analysis Software. The results showed that: ① The unpowered hood greatly enhances the ventilation of unpowered acceleration convection anchor, increases the heat transfer between the cold air and the soil, and then the freeze-thaw interface of the permafrost slope rises year by year; ② the new structure can weaken the frost heaving effect of the slope soil and improve the stability of the permafrost slope; ③ The theoretical calculation method has been proved to be accurate and reasonable, and it can provide a theoretical basis for the design of permafrost slope supporting structure with framed unpowered acceleration convection anchor.