多功能蓄能发光材料辅助隧道照明光环境研究

现有公路隧道照明系统多具有能耗大的弊端,导致照明电耗成为公路隧道运营的沉重负担。利用多功能蓄能发光材料结合LED灯具进行隧道照明设计,是公路隧道照明节能发展的新方向。为研究多功能蓄能发光材料辅助隧道照明的光环境特性,选取了一条长160 m的原型隧道结构开展照明试验,根据试验得出了不同色温LED光源下隧道内壁面与路面亮度、光源光谱与显色指数及小物体可视距离的变化规律。试验结果表明,多功能蓄能发光材料反射率较大,隧道侧壁涂装该材料后,壁面亮度与地面亮度比提升至1.3~1.4,增加了背景、路面与物体间的亮度反差,有利于提高司驾人员的视觉功效、增加司驾人员的视反应能力。LED光源色温为3 500~5 500 K时人眼感官最为舒适,且色温为3 500 K时光源功率较多地分布在波长480~580 nm区间、显色指数最高,隧道内小物体的可视距离最大,此时多功能蓄能发光材料的增光效果最佳。研究成果可为多功能蓄能发光材料辅助公路隧道照明设计及工程应用提供参考和依据。

Study on Light Environment in Tunnels Decorating with Multifunctional Energy-storage and Luminescent Material

The existing lighting systems of highway tunnels often have the disadvantage of high energy consumption, resulting in the power consumption for tunnel lighting has become a heavy burden during tunnel operation. Applying multifunctional energy-storage and luminescent material combined with LED lamps for tunnel lighting is a new direction for the design of energy-saving lighting in highway tunnels. In order to study the light environment characteristics of tunnels decorating with multifunctional energy-storage and luminescent material, a prototype tunnel structure with a length of 160 m was selected to conduct lighting experiments under LED light sources with different color temperature, in which the distribution of wall and road brightness, the spectral distribution and color rendering index of light sources, and the visible distances of a small object was obtained. The test results show that the multifunctional energy-storage and luminescent material has high reflectivity, and the ratio of wall brightness to road brightness increase to 1.3-1.4 after this material is decorated on tunnel sidewalls, which increases the brightness contrast between the background, road surface and object, and is conducive to improving the driver's vision efficacy and visual response ability. The senses of human eyes are the most comfortable for the color temperature of LED light sources in the range of 3 500-5 500 K. When the color temperature is 3 500 K, the multifunctional energy-storage and luminescent material has the best lighting effect: the spectral wavelength of the light sources is mainly distributed in the range of 480-580 nm, the color rendering index is the highest, and the visual distance of the small object in the tunnel is the largest. The experimental results can provide reference and guidance for the design and application of multifunctional energy-storage and luminescent material for the lighting in highway tunnels.