隔水管张紧器防反冲阀设计与仿真

隔水管张紧器是深海钻采作业中的关键装备,其主要作用是为隔水管提供恒定的张紧力,以克服浮式平台和钻井船随海浪做升沉运动时对隔水管的影响。隔水管在因台风、动力定位故障等影响因素下需要紧急回收时,水下隔水管总成(Lower Marine Riser Package,LMRP)与水下防喷器(Blow Out Preventer,BOP)紧急脱离后,隔水管会在短时间内以较大的反冲速度向上运动,所以需要控制隔水管的反冲速度以保护隔水管、钻井平台和人员的安全。因此,以我国某海上钻井平台为基础,根据实际工况设计了一种新型防反冲控制阀。该控制阀系统主要由液压和电磁控制两部分组成,用AMESim软件建立隔水管反冲控制仿真模型,对正常工作和紧急脱离这两种模式进行模拟验证,并设计防反冲控制算法,研究隔水管反冲回收的影响因素。结果表明:在正常工作模式时,张紧器系统起到升沉补偿和预防单个张紧器不能正常工作的作用;在紧急脱离模式时,通过设计的PID控制算法实现了对防反冲主阀开度的控制,将隔水管反冲速度控制在合理地范围内,验证了所设计的防反冲阀及控制算法的有效性和可靠性,可为保障隔水管张紧器系统安全可靠的工作提供参考依据,并为张紧器防反冲阀的结构设计提供理论依据。

Design and Simulation of Anti Recoil Valve of Riser Tensioner

The riser tensioner is a key equipment in deep sea drilling operation. Its main function is to provide a constant tensioning force for the riser, so as to overcome the influence of floating platform and drilling ship on the riser when it heave with the sea waves. Riser in because of the typhoon, under the influence factors such as dynamic positioning failure need emergency recovery, at the bottom of the riser assembly (LMRP) and subsea blow out preventer (BOP) after emergency escape, riser in a short period of time to larger recoil velocity upward movement, so we need to control the rate of riser recoil in order to protect the riser, drilling platforms and personnel safety. Therefore, based on the offshore drilling platform in the China, a new type of anti-recoil control valve is designed according to the actual working conditions. The control valve system mainly consists of hydraulic and electromagnetic control parts. The simulation model of riser recoil control is established with AMESim software. The two modes of normal operation and emergency escape are simulated and verified, and the anti-recoil control algorithm is designed, and the influencing factors of the riser recoil recovery are studied. The results show that the tensioner system plays the role of heave compensation and preventing the failure of single tensioner in normal operation mode. In the emergency escape mode, the PID control algorithm is designed to control the opening of the anti-recoil main valve, and the riser recoil speed is controlled within a reasonable range. The effectiveness and reliability of the designed anti-recoil valve and control algorithm are verified. The results can provide a reference for ensuring the safety and reliability of the riser tensioner system, and provide a theoretical basis for the structural design of anti-recoil valve of the tensioner.