层状硅酸盐黏土/硅橡胶纳米复合材料的研究进展

层状硅酸盐黏土因其独特的纳米层状结构在改性硅橡胶高分子材料性能上具有明显的理论优势,其资源丰富、成本低和绿色无污染等特点在实际应用中受到广泛关注。本文综述了近年来层状硅酸盐黏土包括2∶1型结构如蒙脱石、凹凸棒石和1∶1型结构如高岭石、埃洛石等在改性硅橡胶高分子材料机理和性能方面的国内外最新研究进展,指出目前研究的重点主要集中在硅橡胶性能提高方面,如何使层状硅酸盐黏土粒子在硅橡胶基体中达到最佳纳米分散状态,从而获得性能优异的纳米复合材料是研究的难点。同时,展望了层状硅酸盐黏土/硅橡胶纳米复合材料的发展前景,旨在为层状硅酸盐黏土改性和高性能硅橡胶纳米复合材料的研究提供借鉴。

Research Progress on Layered Silicate Clay/Silicone Rubber Nanocomposites

Layered silicate clay has attracted great attention in improving the properties of silicone rubber due to its unique nano-layered structure, resourceful, low-cost and pollution-free characteristics. Recent advances in the mechanism and properties of silicone rubber nanocomposite materials modified with layered silicate clay including 2∶1 structure such as montmorillonite, attapulgite and 1∶1 structure such as kaolinite and halloysite are reviewed. In this article, the emphasis of the recent studies is pointed out to be the improvement of the performance of silicone rubber. And uniform dispersion of the layered silicate clay particles into silicone rubber matrix is crucial and challenging due to the disparity in hydrophilic and hydrophobic character of the layered silicate clay and the rubber matrix. The development of layered silicate clay/silicone rubber nanocomposites is prospected in order to provide reference for the deep-digging of the modified layered silicate clay and silicone rubber nanocomposites with high performance.