新塔花水提取物改善动脉粥样硬化模型大鼠的作用

目的：探讨新塔花水提取物（water extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam, WEZ）改善动脉粥样硬化模型大鼠的作用。方法：60只SD大鼠，随机挑选50只通过高脂乳剂和维生素D3进行动脉粥样硬化造模后，再随机分为动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型组、低中高新塔花水提取物和阳性对照组。药物干预8周后，收集各组大鼠血浆检测总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）和氧化三甲胺（TMAO）水平。检测AS大鼠血浆TMAO与TNF-α和IL-6水平相关性。取出各组大鼠主动脉组织包埋切片比较主动脉斑块面积/主动脉管腔面积（PA/LA）比值。结果：与空白对照组相比，AS模型组大鼠血清TC、TG水平均明显上升，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与AS模型组大鼠相比，中、高剂量新塔花水提物组和阳性对照组大鼠血清TC、TG水平明显下降，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与空白对照组相比，AS模型组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-6水平均明显上升，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与AS模型组相比，高剂量新塔花水提物组和阳性对照组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-6水平明显下降，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与空白对照组相比，AS模型组大鼠血浆TMAO水平均明显上升，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与AS模型组相比，高剂量新塔花水提物组和阳性对照组大鼠血浆TMAO水平明显下降，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。TMAO水平与TNF-α和IL-6水平相关性分析结果显示，TMAO水平与TNF-α水平呈正相关（P=0.001，r=0.673），与IL-6水平呈正相关（P=0.002，r=0.646）。与空白对照组相比，AS模型组PA/LA比值明显上升，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；与AS模型组相比，中、高剂量新塔花水提物组和阳性对照组大鼠PA/LA比值显著下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论：新塔花水提取物可能通过调节TMAO水平，下调TNF-α和IL-6水平，降低TC、TG水平，从而改善AS，但其机制仍需进一步研究。

Xintahua water extract improves the disease indexes of atherosclerosis model rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of water extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam (WEZ) on improving atherosclerosis model rats. METHODS: Sixty SD rats were randomly selected and 50 rats of them were randomly selected for atherosclerosis model with high-fat emulsion and vitamin D3, and then randomly divided into atherosclerosis (AS) model group, low, medium, high WEZ group and the positive control group. After 8 weeks of drug intervention, the plasma of each group of rats was collected to detect total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) level. The correlation between plasma TMAO and TNF-α and IL-6 levels in AS rats was detected. The aortic tissue-embedded sections of rats in each group were taken out to compare the aortic plaque area/aortic lumen area (PA/LA) ratio. RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the serum TC and TG levels of the AS model group increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the AS model group, the serum TC and TG levels of the middle and high dose WEZ group and the positive control group were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the AS model group increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the AS model group, the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels of the high-dose WEZ group and the positive control group were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the plasma TMAO level of rats in the AS model group increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the AS model group, the plasma TMAO levels of rats in the high-dose WEZ group and the positive control group decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The analysis of the correlation between TMAO level and TNF-α/IL-6 level showed that TMAO level was positively correlated with TNF-α level (P=0.001, r=0.673), and positively correlated with IL-6 level (P=0.002, r= 0.646). Compared with the blank control group, the PA/LA ratio of the AS model group increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the AS model group, the PA/LA ratio of rats in the medium and high dose WEZ group and the positive control group decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: WEZ may regulate TMAO levels, down-regulate TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and reduces TC and TG levels, thereby improving AS, but its mechanism still needs further study.