Influence of residual stresses on the contact durability of surface-hardened 20KhN3A steel

Conclusions We have established that surface-plastic deformation of improved steel by rolls leads to greater compression residual stresses near the surface of a product than spinning with ball under the same forces. In addition, after surface-plastic deformation by rolls, there appear tangential residual stresses in the axial and circumferential directions, which favors an increase in the contact durability of the specimens. Cemented steel subjected to surface-plastic deformation with rolls has the greatest contact durability. With increase in compression residual stresses due to plastic deformation in oils and surfactants, the contact durability of chisel steel increases. Addition of surfactants to water in the process of surface-plastic deformation even more efficiently increases the contact durability of steel. We recommend to perform surface-plastic deformation of steel with rolls in the process of a contact stress of 7 GPa in the most active aqueous solution of a DS-10 Sintanol spirit, which ensures the optimal level of residual compression stresses, maximum length of hardening, and increase in contact-fatigue strength.Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 117–119, July–August, 2004.