The measurement of hydrogen activities in molten copper using an oxide protonic conductor |
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Authors: | Noriaki Kurita Norihiko Fukatsu Teruo Ohashi Satoshi Miyamoto Fumiaki Sato Hiroyuki Nakai Kazuhiko Irie |
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Affiliation: | (1) Present address: the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, 466 Nagoya, Japan;(2) Toyota Auto Body Co. Ltd., 448 Kariya, Japan;(3) Sanyo Special Steel Co. Ltd., 672 Himeji, Japan;(4) Tokai Business Communication Headquarters, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, 460 Nagoya, Japan |
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Abstract: | We have developed a hydrogen sensor for in situ measurements of hydrogen activities in molten copper. The sensor consists of a concentration cell utilizing a proton conductor,
CaZr0.9In0.1O3-δ, as the solid electrolyte. The electromotive force (emf) of the cell was generated by both hydrogen and oxygen activity gradients
across the cell in a high-temperature region simulating the fire refining processes of copper. However, accurate hydrogen
activity in molten copper could be evaluated from the emf if oxygen activity in molten copper was determined simultaneously
by another concentration cell and if the hydrogen and the oxygen activities at the reference electrode were known. The performance
of the sensor was studied under various conditions. The observed good response and reliability of the sensor show that it
should be a powerful tool for improvement of the fire refining process of the molten copper. Theoretical treatment of the
calculation of the emf of the concentration cells using a mixed ionic conductor, i.e., protonic and oxide ionic conductor, as solid electrolytes is also discussed briefly. |
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