锗在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-KI-水体系中的浮选分离和富集

研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）-KI-水体系浮选分离锗的行为及锗与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明: 在水溶液中, Ge(Ⅳ)与CTMAB和KI形成不溶于水的三元缔合物［GeI₆2-］［CTMAB+］₂，此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相；当溶液中CTMAB和KI的浓度分别为6.0×10^-4mol/L和8.0×10^-3mol/L时, Ge(Ⅳ)可与Co^2＋、Ni^2＋、Mn^2＋、Mg^2＋、Zn^2＋、Al³⁺、Fe^2＋、Cr³⁺、V(Ⅴ)和W(Ⅵ)离子定量分离，Ge(Ⅳ)的浮选率在97.4 %以上。该方法简便、迅速，不污染环境,在微量锗的分离和富集分析中有很好的实用价值。

Floatation separation and enrichment of germanium in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide-KI-H2O system

The floatation separation behaviors of germanium in cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB)-KI-water system and the separation conditions with some metal ions were studied.The results showed that Ge(Ⅳ) could form a water-insoluble ternary complex(GeI62-]2) with CTMAB and KI in water solution.This ternary complex precipitation could float on water phase,generating a clear liquid-solid interface.When the concentration of CTMAB and KI was 6.0×10-4 mol/L and 8.0×10-3 mol/L,respectively,Ge(Ⅳ) could be quantitatively separated from Co2+,Ni2+,Mn2+,Mg2+,Zn2+,Al3+,Fe2+,Cr3+,VV and W(Ⅳ).The floatation rate of Ge(Ⅳ) was above 97.4 %.The proposed method was simple and rapid without environmental pollution,and had good practical value in separation and enrichment of micro-germanium.