基于光纤环形激光器的传感技术研究与应用

基于光纤环形激光器的新一代光纤传感系统通过解调激光波长偏移来检测外界参量变化,得利于激光光谱窄线宽及高信噪比的特性,可实现高分辨率、高灵敏度、大动态范围的传感监测。文章介绍了包括基于光纤光栅、迈克尔逊干涉仪、法布里-珀罗腔、萨格奈克环以及马赫-曾德尔干涉仪等多种结构的光纤传感器工作原理,以及进一步构成光纤环形激光传感器的特性和多种应用案例,并对未来该领域的关键技术发展进行了分析。

Research and Application of Sensing Technology Based on Fiber Ring Laser

The new generation of optical fiber sensing system based on fiber ring laser (FRL) cavity detects the changes of external parameters by demodulating the laser wavelength shift, which benefits from the characteristics of narrow line-width and high signal-to-noise ratio of the laser, and can realize high-resolution and large-scale dynamic monitoring. This paper introduced the basic working principle of fiber ring laser cavity sensing technology, and summarized the most mature fiber microstructure sensors in recent years, including fiber grating, Michelson interferometer (MI), Fabry Perot (FP) cavity, Sagnac loop and Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The principle of each structure and the specific application scenarios in the field of optical fiber sensing were described. Finally, the development and application of optical fiber sensing technology based on fiber ring laser cavity were summarized and prospected.