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Modelling of the spring-in phenomenon in curved parts made of a thermosetting composite
Authors:Nuri Ersoy  Tomasz Garstka  Kevin Potter  Michael R. Wisnom  David Porter  Graeme Stringer
Affiliation:1. Bogaziçi University, Mechanical Engineering Department, TR-34342 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey;2. University of Bristol, Advanced Composites Centre for Innovation and Science, Queen’s Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, United Kingdom;3. Applied Materials Group, QinetiQ Ltd., A7 Building, Cody Technology Park, Farnborough , Hampshire GU14 0LX, United Kingdom;1. International Islamic University Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering, Jalan Gombak, Selangor Darul Ehsan, P.O. Box 10, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. CTRM, Composites Technology City, Batu Berendam, 75350 Melaka, Malaysia;3. Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia;4. Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, Mines d’Albi, ISAE, ICA (Institut Clément Ader), 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France;5. Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Center, Level 1, MIGHT Building, 3517, Jalan Teknokrat 5, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an 710072, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
Abstract:In this study, a simple two step finite element model is developed to predict the spring-in of C-sections parts made of AS4/8552 composite. The development of resin properties throughout the MRCC were derived using Group Interaction Modelling and the mechanical properties of the composite predicted by using micromechanical models. Important mechanisms during manufacturing that are effective in the formation of residual stresses and shape distortions are defined. The finite element method implemented is composed of two steps before and after the vitrification of the resin. Vitrification is treated as a point at which the material suddenly changes from the rubbery to glassy state with constant properties in each state. The spring-in angles predicted by the finite element analysis are compared to the angles measured on C-section specimens of various lay-ups and thicknesses. The correlation is good showing the validity of the assumptions adopted.
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