Isothermal cure characterization of fumed silica/epoxy nanocomposites: The glass transition temperature and conversion |
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| Authors: | Guang Chun Huang Jong Keun Lee |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Instituto de Química – IQ, PGCIMAT, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil;2. Instituto de Macromoléculas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Ilha do Fundão, Centro de Tecnologia, Bl. J, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and Systems, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Testing Laboratory, Tubhier S.A., Ruta 7 Km 699.5, Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina;2. Institute of Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), University of Mar del Plata and National Research Council (CONICET), Av. J.B. Justo 4302, B7608FDQ Mar del Plata, Argentina;1. Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China;2. Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States;4. Department of Electronics Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Materials Science and Engineering Department, IAAB, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Av. Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911, Spain;2. Institute for Research in Technology/Mech. Eng. Dept. Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Alberto Aguilera 25, Madrid, 28015, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The glass transition temperature (Tg) and conversion (α) were measured for a cycloaliphatic epoxy/anhydride system incorporated with different contents of hydrophobic fumed silica. Samples isothermally cured at varying cure temperatures and times were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tg vs. ln(time) data at an arbitrary reference temperature were superposed by time–temperature shifts to form a master curve for the kinetically controlled reaction, and the shift factors were used to calculate an Arrhenius activation energy. Influence of the hydrophobic fumed silica was investigated from Tg and α data. For low conversions, the incorporated fumed silica may reduce segmental mobility, giving rise to an increase in Tg. For high conversions, there was a significant depression of Tg which may be associated with the presence of residual hydroxyl groups on the surface of hydrophobic fumed silica. The positive and negative effects of the fumed silica on Tg and α are discussed. |
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