Simulation of the reinforcement compaction and resin flow during the complete resin infusion process |
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| Authors: | Q. Govignon S. Bickerton P.A. Kelly |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1020, New Zealand;2. Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1020, New Zealand;1. National Physical Laboratory, UK;2. Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH, Germany;3. Composites Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, UK;4. Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Centre for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, USA;6. Structures & Composite Materials Laboratory, McGill University, Canada;7. Center for Design, Manufacturing and Materials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Russia;8. Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering, Technische Universität Clausthal, Germany;9. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, United Arab Emirates;10. Laboratoire de Mécanique Gabriel Lamé (LaMé), Orleans University, France;11. Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, University of Auckland, New Zealand;12. Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland;13. Ecole Polytechnique Montreal, Canada;14. Materials and Components Division, ITAINNOVA, Spain;15. Research Institute in Civil Engineering and Mechanics (GeM), University of Nantes, France;p. Laboratory of Composite Materials and Adaptive Structures, ETH Zürich, Switzerland;q. Institute of Aircraft Design, Universität Stuttgart, Germany;r. Institute of Polymer Engineering, FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Switzerland;s. Processing of Composites Group, Montanuniversität Leoben, Austria;t. Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Brigham Young University, USA;u. Institut Clement Ader, IMT Mines Albi, France;v. Fraunhofer IGCV, Germany;w. TENSYL, France;x. Chair of Carbon Composites (LCC), Technische Universität München, Germany;y. Institut de Soudure Groupe, France;z. Composite Manufacturing and Simulation Center (CMSC), Purdue University, USA;11. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, China;1. Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Division of Applied Mechanics, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden;2. GKN Aerospace, SE-46181 Trollhattan, Sweden;3. Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom;4. Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;1. Robotics and Textile Composite Group, Northwest Composite Centre, Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;2. Henry Royce Institute and Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility, Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK |
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| Abstract: | Resin infusion (a.k.a. VARTM) is one of the LCM processes, for which liquid resin is drawn into dry reinforcements. Significant cavity thickness changes occur during processing, due to the flexibility of the vacuum bag used as one side of the tool, and the complex stress balance within the laminate. While the magnitude of thickness change is often small, the influence is significant on reinforcement properties. Changes in permeability during filling and post-filling have the potential to significantly affect the process. To simulate this behaviour, it is important to accurately model compaction and unloading of reinforcement in dry and wet states. A series of tests were completed to determine compaction behaviour of an isotropic glass fibre mat. From these tests several non-linear elastic compaction models have been determined, and applied within a resin infusion simulation which addresses pre-filling, filling and post-filling. This simulation was then used to assess different post-filling strategies. |
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