武汉市湖泊中重金属污染状况

鉴于重金属元素的生理毒害作用,选择武汉市区、近郊、远郊六个代表性湖泊水体研究其水、沉积物、鱼样品中主要毒害重金属元素Hg,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni,Zn的污染状况。采用原子荧光测试样品中Hg含量,其他元素用ICP-MS测试。结果表明:市区湖泊水、沉积物及鱼中重金属含量多数明显高于郊区湖泊,其中水及沉积物中重金属含量与研究区相应环境背景值对比有显著富集,但湖泊水中重金属含量大多可满足GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质要求,鱼中重金属含量也可满足相应GB 2736—1994《淡水鱼卫生标准》。市区湖泊与郊区湖泊样品重金属污染程度对比而言,市区湖泊明显表现出受到一定人为污染影响。

Heavy metals pollution in lakes of Wuhan City

In consideration of the toxicity of heavy metals to organisms,the distributions of heavy metals,including Hg,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr,Ni,and Zn in waters,sediments and fishes of six lakes in urban,suburban and outer suburb areas in Wuhan were investigated.Hg was measured by AFS,while other heavy metals were measured by ICP-MS.Results showed that the contents of heavy metals in samples from urban lakes were generally higher than samples from suburban lakes,and the concentrations of heavy metals in water and sediment samples distinctly increased as compared with background values.However the concentration of heavy metals in most water samples could meet grade Ⅲ of environmental quality standards for surface water,and that in fish was also under the permissible levels given by national sanitation standard.Lakes in urban regions were seriously affected by human disturbances as compared with the suburban lakes.