Cell behaviour on phospholipids-coated surfaces

Effective integration of orthopedic biomaterials requires the rapid formation of the inorganic mineral phase during the first hours of implantation and the subsequent adhesion and proliferation of the osteoblasts. It has recently been demonstrated that phosphatidylserine-rich phospholipid coatings can induce a fast mineralisation of titanium implant surfaces on incubation in simulated body fluids. The aim of this work was to investigate the biocompatibility of these coatings in terms of cytotoxicity and ability to support osteoblast adhesion and activity. Cytotoxicity and cell adhesion to uncoated titanium, calcified phospholipid-coated titanium and HA-coated titanium was assessed using fibroblasts and osteoblast-like cells. The synthesis of type I collagen by osteoblast-like cells cultured on the calcified-phospholipid coatings was also comparable to that observed for osteoblast-like cells cultured on the titanium and HA-Ti surfaces. The results suggest that the fast mineralization of the phospholipid matrix, obtained in vitro by its pre-treatment in a SBF, exposes the cells to an environment similar to that present in the bone during its natural formation that allow cells to adhere, proliferate and produce proteins fundamental for bone growth. The biocompatibility of these phospholipid-based coatings, in combination with their ability to initiate rapid mineralisation, provides a promising material that could in vivo create bone cell interactions and bone integration.