炼油厂电脱盐装置用破乳剂的设计原则探讨及其实际应用

根据对炼油厂与采油厂的原油破乳技术条件和工艺指标要求差异性的分析,概括归纳了炼油厂与采油厂对原油破乳剂性能的不同要求,并进一步总结了炼油厂电脱盐装置用破乳剂的设计原则。在此原则的指导下,综合考虑长庆油田公司第一助剂厂加工原油的性质和工艺指标要求,有针对性设计了一种新型炼油厂电脱盐装置用破乳剂CYZ-L-4。室内评价和装置实验结果表明:CYZ-L-4不仅能够满足第一助剂厂电脱盐装置的工艺技术指标的要求,而且具有降低注入水用量,脱出水含油量低的优点,成本也低于原来的破乳剂。同时对CYZ-L-4使用过程中电脱盐装置负荷情况的对比测试结果证明CYZ-L-4能够有效降低电脱盐装置负荷。试验结果证明:炼油厂电脱盐装置用破乳剂的设计原则不仅在理论上是可行的,而且在实践中取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。

THE STUDY ON PRINCIPLES ABOUT THE DESIGN OF EMULSION BREAKER FOR CRUDE ELECTROSTATIC DESALTING AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PRACTICE

According to analysis of the differences in conditions and technical parameters between oil exploitation andoil refinery, different requirements on emulsion breaker using in oil exploitation and oil refinery are concluded. Moreover, principles about the design of emulsion breaker for crude electrostatic desalting equipment are summarized. Under the guidance of these principles, after comprehensive study of the properties of crude oil that is supplied to the NO. 1 Assistant Factory in ChangQing Branch Company and the technical parameters of crude electrostatic desalting equipment, a new and effective emulsion breaker CYZ-L-4 is designed. Experiments in laboratory and equipment show that the new emulsion breaker can not only satisfied the technical parameters of the NO.1 Assistant Factory but also can decrease the quantity of water used in the process of de - emulsifying. At the same time, the water comes from crude electrostatic desalting equipment has the lower oil level than before and the price of the new emulsion breaker is much cheaper. On the other hand, the load of crude electrostatic desalting equipment is studied and compared, and there is a great drop during the period using CYZ-L-4. The results of experiment show that principles about the design of emulsion breaker for crude electrostatic desalting is not only feasible in theory but also gains economic returns and social effect.