Phospholipids of environmentally stressed soybean seeds |
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Authors: | D L Dornbos R E Mullen E G Hammond |
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Affiliation: | 1. USDA/ARS Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 N. University St., 61604, Peoria, IL 2. Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 3. Department of Food Technology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Abstract: | Protein and oil content of the soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed and the fatty acid composition of the oil can be altered by environmental stress. The objective of this
study was to characterize the composition of the phospholipid (PL) from soybean seeds after exposure to drought and high temperature
during seed fill. Drought stress was imposed on greenhouse-grown soybean plants at temperatures of 28 and 33‡C after the beginning
of seed fill and was maintained throughout the seed-fill period. The fatty acid composition of each PL class was altered by
drought and high temperature. With phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, which composed 89% of the separated PL,
greater proportions of 16:0 and 18:0 and lesser proportions of 18:2 and 18:3 were present in soybean seeds exposed to high
temperature and severe drought. More linolenic acid and less palmitic acid were present in phosphatidylinositol. The changes
were comparable to those of the triglyceride because of high temperature. The elevated temperature increased the proportion
of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol and decreased that of phosphatidylethanolamine. The effect of drought and
high temperature stress on PL class and fatty acid composition has important implications on the quality of soybean seed oil
and lecithin and on the ability of the seed to maintain optimum rates of metabolism in the development and germination environment. |
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