用阶次分析法识别起动机的异常噪声

对汽车起动机停机过程进行了检测，并对其同时分别对驱动齿轮的转速和起动机噪声进行试验分析。采用阶次分析方法对测量结果进行处理，得到异常噪声的特征分量以及对应的阶次。进一步分析被测起动机的具体结构，取得出被测起动机停机过程的异常噪声与其电枢槽数密切相关的结论。分析结果表明阶次等于与电枢槽数与减速比乘积的特征分量相同时；对起动机停机阶段异常噪声影响最大。其结论为减少或消除起动机工作异常噪声提供了理论依据，并提出了恰当的操作方法的建议。

Application of Order Analysis Method to Diagnosis of Abnormal Noise of Starters

The automobile starter’s stopping process is observed, and the driving gear’s rotational speed and the starter’snoise are analyzed experimentally. Measurement results are processed using order analysis method so that the characteristicsof abnormal noise and the corresponding order are thus obtained. Furthermore, the measured starter’s structure is studied. Itis concluded that the abnormal noise is closely related to the armature slot number. Analysis indicates that when the order isequal to the product of the armature slot number and the speed reduction ratio, the armature slot number has the largestinfluence on the abnormal noise in the stopping process of the starter. Finally, a pertinent suggestion for starter operation isproposed. This work has offered a reference for reducing or eliminating starter’s abnormal noise.