Polarisation-insensitive arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexer withSiO2-on-SiO2 structure

An arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexer with SiO₂-on-SiO₂ structure is fabricated in order to achieve polarisation insensitivity. A negligible wavelength response dependence on polarisation of 0.01 nm, which corresponds to a birefringence of-9×10^-6, is realised in a 16 channel arrayed-waveguide grating multiplexer with a wavelength spacing of 0.8 nm