Diet-induced alterations in the discoid shape and phospholipid fatty acid compositions of rat erythrocytes |
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Authors: | G Ananda Rao Kathleen Siler Edward C Larkin |
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Affiliation: | (1) Hematology Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 94553 Martinez, California |
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Abstract: | For eight weeks young male rats were fed diets rich in 18∶2 (stock diet, or 10% corn oil, CO) or those devoid of 18∶2 (fat
free, FF, or 10% hydrogenated coconut oil, HCNO). The CO and HCNO diets were fed in the absence or presence of eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic
acid (TYA). When 18∶2 was excluded, an increase in the level of 16∶1, 18∶1 and 20∶3 and a decrease in 18∶2 was observed in
the fatty acids of red cells. On feeding TYA, an increase in 18∶2 and in the case of the HCNO+TYA diet, a decrease of 12∶0
and 14∶0 was also observed. In all cases the levels of 20∶4 in erythrocyte fatty acids were similar. Saturated fatty acids
were predominant in phosphatidyl choline (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine, (LPC) and sphingomyelin whereas unsaturated acids
were predominant in phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), (PS), and phosphatidyl inositol (PI). Acids containing three or more double
bonds comprised about 90% of the total acids in PI. In all the phospholipids, the characteristic changes in the composition
of fatty acids were observed due to the exclusion of 18∶2 from the diet. However, changes due to the feeding of TYA were found
only in PC and LPC. In rats fed the 18∶2-rich diet, about 60% of the red cells were discocytes. In those fed the 18∶2-free
diet, the level of discocytes decreased to about 23%, and the levels of echinocytes II and III increased. The exclusion of
18∶2 for even a few days decreased the proportion of discocytes. The loss of discoid shape was reversed in a few days by feeding
an 18∶2-rich diet. Fatty acid analysis of erythrocytes of rats of the various dietary manipulations showed that the change
in the proportion of discocytes followed the change in the level of 18∶2. |
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