地铁车门故障模式的可靠性评估

车门系统是地铁列车的关键子系统，对其进行可靠性评估从而确定危害性较大的故障模式有助于提高车门的可靠性和改善车门维修决策。由于车门故障数据的不足，难以对风险因子及其权重进行准确评价而导致车门可靠性评估存在模糊性，故引入模糊理论构建模糊TOPSIS方法并应用于车门故障模式的可靠性评估中。对风险因子进行模糊评价得到加权决策矩阵，应用加权决策矩阵计算每一个故障模式到正负理想方案的相对贴近度，得出了EDCU功能失效、螺母组件破损和行程开关S1破损对车门危害性较大的评估结果。分析结果与专家经验一致，为车门的设计与维修决策提供了技术支持。

Reliability Evaluation of Metro Door Failure Modes

The door system is a key subsystem of the metro train.Its reliability is evaluted to determine the failure modes with the seri- ous danger on door system, which are helpful to improving the door reliability and maintenance decision. Because of the lack of door failure data, it is difficult to evaluate its risk hevel and weights precisely and the ambiguity exists in the reliability evaluation, so the fuzzy theory is introduced into the TOPSIS and the fuzzy TOPSIS method which is applied to the reliability analysis of the door sys- tem failure modes. The fuzzy evaluation of three risk levels is made to obtain the weighted decision matrix, then the relative degree of approximation of every failure mode is obtained according to the weighted decision matrix. The results show that the main dangers are coused by EDCU disability, nut component breakage and limit switch S1 breakage. This is of the thinking of the maintenance ex- perts in the field and it provides technical support for the design and maintenance of the door system.