额尔齐斯河流域1990—2010年湿地遥感监测分析

应用遥感和地理信息系统等技术手段,基于额尔齐斯河流域1990年、2000年、2010年的LandsatTM影像和2005年、2008年的CBERS-02影像,结合多层环境要素数据库、野外定点调查数据等,通过人机交互式解译构建了上述5年额尔齐斯河流域湿地空间数据库。分析了湿地空间数据,总结出额尔齐斯河流域1990—2010年的湿地变化特征。结果表明:天然湿地面积呈波动变化,总体上2010年天然湿地面积大于1990年的面积,增加面积主要来源于湖泊和沼泽及沼泽化草地,而河谷林及滩地的面积呈逐年减小的趋势;人工湿地面积增加较显著,主要因为水浇地面积大幅增加,而水库、坑塘面积呈波动变化,总体上也呈增加趋势。

Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of wetland in Irtysh River Basin during the period from 1990 to 2010

By means of the techniques of remote sensing and geographic information system,a spatial database for the wetland in Irtysh River Basin for the years of 1990,2000,2005,2008 and 2010 is developed through the man-machine interactive interpretation approach based on its Landsat TM images of 1990,2000 and 2010,CBERS-02 images of 2005 and 2008,database of environmental factors and field investigation data.The spatial database is analyzed.The variation characteristics of the wetland in Irtysh River Basin during the period from 1990 to 2010 are summarized.The results show that the area of the natural wetland has a fluctuating variation.Generally,the area of the natural wetland in 2010 is larger than that in 1990.The incremental area mainly comes from lakes,swamps and swamped grasslands,but the area of the valley forests and beaches has a gradual decreasing trend.The area of the artificial wetland has an obvious increase owing to the dramatic increase of the irrigated area,while the area of reservoirs and ponds has a fluctuating change and also has an increasing tendency.