A new active phased array antenna for mobile direct broadcastingsatellite reception

This paper represents a new active phase array antenna for a Ku-band mobile service that will be possible with satellite broadcasting. The main idea for the antenna is to use minimum active array elements with cost-effective one-dimensional subarrays with an inclined pencil beam structure for a 34 dBi gain. For this antenna, we also used the squint beam tracking algorithm. This tracking gives a different way to the traditional monopulse tracking method in tracking capability. The electronic scanning angle of the beam peak in this antenna is over ±12° wide only with 20 phase shifter elements for its scan ranges. This antenna with the attractive hybrid-tracking concept has about 142 times less array elements than antennas with a two-dimensional array