黄河河口生态保护目标及其生态需水研究

在分析黄河口生态系统组成与各生态单元生态功能的基础上，综合考虑河口地区生态现状及黄河水资源支撑能力等因素，界定了黄河河口生态保护目标，分析了重要保护目标河口淡水湿地的合理保护规模，针对不同的保护对象，采用不同的方法对生态需水进行了计算，耦合不同生态单元（对象）的生态流量得出利津断面不同时段最小、适宜生态流量。结果表明，黄河河口利津断面最小生态流量11月。翌年4月为75m^3／s，适宜生态流量为120m^3／s，5—6月最小应为150m^3／s，适宜生态流量为400m^3／s。

Identification of Ecological Protection Objective of Yellow River Estuary and Its Research on the Ecological Water Requirements

Based on the analysis of structure and function of Yellow River Estuary, and its present ecological situation and water resources of Yellow River, the ecological protection objectives of Yellow River Estuary were recognized, and their protection scales were studied. Then according to the main ecological units of Yellow River Estuary and their function requirements, the ecological water demands are calculated with different methods the results show the minimum controlled flow 50 m^3/s in Lijin hydrographic section can＇t meet the request of estuary ecosystem. For keep the biodiversity of estuary wetland and guarantee its eco-hydrological function, the minimum and suitable ecological flows are 75 m^3/s and 120 m^3/s from November to April, and 150 m^3/s and 400 m^3/s from May to June separately.