光纤传感技术在航空发动机温度测试中的应用

温度测试对于航空发动机设计与研制具有极其重要的意义。航空发动机的测温环境具有高温、高压、高速气流冲击、高转速、安装空间狭小等特点，还要求测温系统具有大量程、高精度和高稳定性的工作性能，可供选择的测温方法非常有限。光纤温度传感器具有体积小、抗电磁干扰、极端环境下的安全可靠和使用灵活等优点，并具有串联复用的准分布式传感能力，在航空发动机温度测试中有很好的应用前景。本文对比总结了基于光纤布拉格光栅、光纤法布里-珀罗、光纤超声和光纤辐射等几类典型的光纤温度传感器的传感原理、制造工艺和技术特点，分析了航空发动机研制中不同对象和场景的温度测试需求，对光纤温度传感技术在航发测温领域中的应用研究现状进行了分类整理和发展水平综述，对其在未来实际应用中存在的不足进行了分析，最后对其在未来研究及应用的发展方向进行了展望，为后续航发测温领域研究及应用提供参考。

Application of optical fiber sensing in aero-engine temperature test

Temperature test is extremely important for the design and development of the aero-engine. The working environment of the aero-engine has the characteristics of high temperature, high pressure, high-speed airflow, high-speed rotating, and narrow space. It also requires the measurement system to have the performance of large range, high precision and high stability. At present, the available methods are very limited. The optical fiber temperature sensor has advantages of small size, anti-electromagnetic interference, safety and reliability in extreme environment, which is flexible to be utilized. It has the quasi-distributed sensing capability of series multiplexing, which has a good application prospect in the temperature test of the aeroengine. This article compares and summarizes the sensing principles, manufacturing processes and technical characteristics of several optical fiber temperature sensors, such as fiber Bragg grating, Fabry-Perot, fiber ultrasonic and fiber radiation. Temperature test requirements in different conditions of the aero-engine are analyzed. The application research progress of the optical fiber temperature sensing technology is classified and summarized. The deficiencies and future development directions of optical fiber sensing technology in the application of temperature measurement are analyzed and prospected to provide reference for follow-up research.