PVDF/SiO2/PDMS涂层超疏水纺织品性能

目的 针对普通纺织品材料防水性和防污性较差的问题,制备具有自清洁功能的超疏水涂层纺织品,并研究其性能.方法 以涤纶织物为基材,通过非溶剂诱导相分离法,使用聚偏氟乙烯和疏水纳米二氧化硅复合液在纺织品表面构筑微纳粗糙结构,采用聚二甲基硅氧烷对其进行疏水化处理,获得自清洁超疏水涂层纺织品.采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能量散射光谱和视频光学接触角测量仪等对其结构和性能进行表征,并通过机械摩擦、洗涤、酸/碱/盐溶液浸渍和紫外光照等方法对其表面超疏水稳定性进行考察.结果 当聚偏氟乙烯质量分数为2％,疏水纳米二氧化硅质量分数为0.4％,聚二甲基硅氧烷质量分数为1％时,制备的纺织品的表面接触角可达(162.2°±0.8°),滚动角达(2.0°±0.4°),具有优异的超疏水自清洁效应;经72 h酸/碱/盐溶液浸渍、196 h紫外光照、2500次摩擦和120次家庭水洗后,其表面接触角仍大于150°,表现出优异的超疏水稳定性.结论 采用简便的非溶剂相分离法制备的涂层纺织品具有优异的自清洁性能,并且其超疏水性能具有机械耐久性和化学稳定性,有望应用于纺织材料包装领域.

Superhydrophobic Fabrics by Coating with PVDF/SiO2/PDMS

This work aims to fabricate superhydrophobic fabrics with self-cleaning property to improve the poor water-resistance and anti-fouling properties of normal fabrics during practical application and study the properties. Superhydrophobic coating on the polyester fabrics was prepared by using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/hydrophobic nano-silica (SiO2) solution via non-solvent induced phase separation to roughen the fabric surface followed by hydrophobization with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The structure and performance of the fiber was observed by SEM, EDS, and video optical contact angle system (OCA20) respectively. The surface superhydrophobic stability was studied via mechanical friction, washing, acid/base/salt solution impregnation, UV Irradiation, etc. It was found that the surface contact angle of the coated fabric was up to (162.2°±0.8°), and the rolling angle was up to (2.0°±0.4°), when the content of PVDF, SiO2, and PDMS was 2%, 0.4% and 1%, respectively exhibiting excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning property. The surface contact angle superhydrophobicity of the coated fabrics was still larger than 150°, showing excellent superhydrophobicity stability after 72 h immersion in solutions of acid, base and salt, and 196 h exposure to UV irradiation, 2500 abrasion cycles and 120 laundering cycles. Coated fabrics fabricated via non-solvent induced phase separation have excellent self-cleaning property and superhydrophobicity with mechanical durability and chemical robustness, and will apply in textile packaging materials.